If the P value is less than 5%, reject the null hypothesis; if the P value is .05 or more, don't reject the null hypothesis. Statistics textbooks -- and statisticians for that matter -- focus almost ...

Null hypothesis vs. hypothesis, which is the right choice? When you get into the different methods of analyzing data, there is no shortage of tools at your disposal. Understanding the difference ...

Research and statistical analysis help us understand how the world works, how effective medications and treatments are, what influences our health, the best approach for business practices, and much ...

In the early 20 th century, Guinness breweries in Dublin had a policy of hiring the best graduates from Oxford and Cambridge to improve their industrial processes. At the time, it was considered a ...

Having data is only half the battle. How do you know your data actually means something? With some simple Python code, you can quickly check if differences in data are actually significant. In ...

Hypothesis testing is a formal procedure for investigating our ideas about the world using statistics. It is most often used by researchers to test predictions, called hypotheses. The first step in ...

Understanding the basics of statistics can be quite challenging. One of the problems with statistical analysis is the manner in which it is presented, which is often rather disjointed. This series of ...

Objection: Natural variability is the null hypothesis; there must be compelling evidence of an anthropogenic CO2 warming effect before we take it seriously. Answer: The null hypothesis is a ...