Groundwater is rarely static. Its level and flow change throughout the year due to rainfall patterns, temperature variation, irrigation, nearby construction activity, and natural drainage ...

In civil and structural engineering, the word “safe” is often used as the ultimate benchmark of good design. If a structure does not collapse under design loads and meets code requirements, it is ...

Civil engineering textbooks form the foundation of every engineer’s academic journey. They teach structural analysis, geotechnical principles, fluid mechanics, design codes, material behavior, and ...

Surface dusting is one of the most common durability complaints in concrete floors, pavements, slabs, and industrial hardstands. What initially appears to be a minor surface issue often progresses ...