The U.N. Security Council unanimously adopted Resolution 1701 in August 2006 as part of a cease-fire that ended Israel’s last war with Lebanon. The resolution sought to create a buffer zone in southern Lebanon to prevent fighting between Israel and Hezbollah, but has failed to keep the peace.

Israeli strikes have killed over 40 Lebanese troops since the start of the war between Israel and Hezbollah​, even as Lebanon's military has largely kept to the sidelines.